The bus
The bus is a vehicle capable of carrying over 8 passengers without any trolleys or rails needed. Buses with length up to 5.5 meters are called minibuses (small class busses by Russian classification) and the rest of the world determines minibuses and minivans capable of carrying 9-16 passengers. Buses are manufactured at auto factories that do the complete or partial production (body production, chassis production or assembly).
Historical highlights
The first bus that had a steam engine and capable of carrying 8 passengers was made and presented by Richard Trevirtick on December 24th 1801 in Camborne (England). The first electric bus able to speed up to 11.2 km/h appeared on London in 1886 and his “brother” that carried 10 passengers and had 20 km/h speed limit was made in Moscow in 1901.
The first combustion engine bus working on gas was created by German “Benz” in 1894-1895. It carried 8 passengers over 15 kilometers route Siegen-Neften-Doiz. The first Russian combustion bus was mad in St. Petersburg in 1903. It had an open body, 10 seats and having 1-cylinder engine of 10 hp was able to accelerate to 15 km/h.
The first combustion public bus was put to operation in London on April 12th 1903. Russia started using buses for public transportation in June 1907. The first one of 6 tons weight for 25 passengers and with 26hp engine was imported to Archangelsk by German “NAH”. In St. Petersburg buses as public transport were introduced on November 11th 1907 and in Moscow – on August 13th 1908. The regular bus route though was created in Moscow only on August 8th 1924 when between The Kalanchev square and The Tver outpost started cruising 8 “Leyland” buses.
The longest bus routes
The longest bus route unites Gorno-Altaisk (Russia) and Freiburg (Germany) and to get through its 6500 km you would have to spend 5 days. Australia also got the long one as Pert-Brisbane route has 5455 km in length and it takes 75 hours and 55 minutes to get from one place to another. In Russia the longest route is St.Petersburg-Makhachkala as during 2 days drive you cross 2585 kilometers. And in CIS the longest route is Bishkek-Tomsk lasting 2324 km which are passed in 56 hours.
The longest and biggest buses
The longest linked buses “DAF Super City Train” have 32.2 m in length. Their main passenger’s cabin is designed for 110 seating and 140 standing places and the additional compartment carries 60 seated and 40 stood passengers. This bus that was created by Zaire ex-president Mobutu Sese Seco weights 28 tons unloaded.
The biggest buses in the world in 1981 used to produce “Gottlob Auwarter GmbH”. Their 2-levels and 4-axes bus “Neoplan Galaxy-Lounge” (Jumbo Jet Coach) with size parameters at 17×4.5×4.5 m carried 342 passengers and was equipped with own telescopic ladder. The bus carried passengers from airport building to Boeing-747 airbuses.
In 2001 the first Russian 15 m in length city bus “Volzhanin-15m” with 3 axes was build. Later when put in mass production the bus was renamed into “Volzhanin-6270”. The designed bus length is 15220 mm and it is capable of carrying 160 passengers. This Russian bus is considered the longest not-linked bus in the world.
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